Capoten
Brand
name:Capoten
Pronounced: KAP-o-ten
Generic name: Captopril
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Why
is Capoten prescribed?
Capoten
is used in the treatment of high blood pressure and congestive
heart failure. When prescribed for high blood pressure, it is
effective used alone or combined with diuretics. If it is prescribed
for congestive heart failure, it is used in combination with digitalis
and diuretics. Captopril is in a family of drugs known as "ACE
(angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibitors." It works by
preventing a chemical in your blood called angiotensin I from
converting into a more potent form that increases salt and water
retention in your body. Capoten also enhances blood flow throughout
your blood vessels.
In
addition, Captopril is used to improve survival in certain people
who have suffered heart attacks and to treat kidney disease in
diabetics.
Some
doctors also prescribe Captopril for angina pectoris (crushing
chest pain), Raynaud's phenomenon (a disorder of the blood vessels
that causes the fingers to turn white when exposed to cold), and
rheumatoid arthritis.
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Most
important fact about Capoten
If
you have high blood pressure, you must take Capoten regularly
for it to be effective. Since blood pressure declines gradually,
it may be several weeks before you get the full benefit of Capoten;
you must continue taking it even if you are feeling well. Captopril
does not cure high blood pressure; it merely keeps it under control.
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How
should you take Capoten?
Capoten
should be taken 1 hour before meals. If you are taking an antacid
such as Mylanta, take it 2 hours prior to Capoten.
Take
Captopril exactly as prescribed. Stopping Capoten suddenly could
cause your blood pressure to increase.
--If
you miss a dose...
Take
it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next
dose, skip the one you missed and go back to your regular schedule.
Never take two doses at the same time.
--Storage
instructions...
Store
Capoten at room temperature, away from moisture, in a tightly
closed container.
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What
side effects may occur?
Side
effects cannot be anticipated. If any develop or change in intensity,
inform your doctor as soon as possible. Only your doctor can determine
if it is safe for you to continue taking Capoten.
More common side effects may include:
Itching, loss of taste, low blood pressure, rash
Less common or rare side effects may include:
Abdominal pain, anemia, angina pectoris (severe chest pain), blisters,
blurred vision, breast development in males, cardiac arrest, changes
in heart rhythm, chest pain, confusion, constipation, cough, depression,
diarrhea, difficulty swallowing, dizziness, dry mouth, fatigue,
fever and chills, flushing, general feeling of ill health, hair
loss, headache, heart attack, heart failure, impotence, inability
to sleep, indigestion, inflammation of the nose, inflammation
of the tongue, labored breathing, lack of coordination, loss of
appetite, lung inflammation, muscle pain and/or weakness, nausea,
nervousness, pallor, palpitations, peptic ulcer, rapid heartbeat,
sensitivity to light, skin inflammation, skin peeling, sleepiness,
sore throat, stomach irritation, stroke, sudden fainting or loss
of strength, swelling of face, lips, tongue, throat, or arms and
legs, tingling or pins and needles, vomiting, weakness, wheezing,
yellow eyes and skin
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Why
should Capoten not be prescribed?
If
you are sensitive to or have ever had an allergic reaction to
Capoten or similar drugs such as Vasotec, you should not take
this medication. Make sure that your doctor is aware of any drug
reactions that you have experienced.
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Special
warnings about Capoten
If
you develop swelling of the face around your lips, tongue or throat
(or of your arms and legs) or have difficulty swallowing, you
should stop taking Capoten and contact your doctor immediately.
You may need emergency treatment.
If
you are receiving bee or wasp venom to prevent an allergic reaction
to stings, use of Capoten at the same time may cause a severe
allergic reaction.
If
you are taking Captopril, a complete assessment of your kidney
function should be done; and your kidney function should continue
to be monitored. If you have kidney disease, Capoten should be
used only if you have taken other blood pressure medications and
your doctor has determined that the results were unsatisfactory.
Some
people taking Capoten have had a severe allergic reaction during
kidney dialysis.
If
you are taking Capoten for your heart, be careful not to increase
physical activity too quickly. Check with your doctor as to how
much exercise is safe for you.
If
you are taking Capoten for congestive heart failure, your blood
pressure may drop temporarily after the first few doses and you
may feel light-headed for a time. Your doctor should monitor you
closely when you start taking the medication or when your dosage
is increased.
If
you are taking high doses of diuretics and Capoten, you may develop
excessively low blood pressure. Your doctor may reduce your diuretic
dose so that your blood pressure doesn't drop too far.
If
you notice a yellow coloring to your skin or the whites of your
eyes, stop taking the drug and notify your doctor immediately.
You could be developing a liver problem.
Capoten
may cause you to become drowsy or less alert, especially if you
are also taking a diuretic at the same time. If it has this effect
on you, driving or participating in any potentially hazardous
activity is not recommended.
Dehydration
may cause a drop in blood pressure. If you experience symptoms
such as excessive perspiration, vomiting, and/or diarrhea, notify
your doctor immediately.
If
you develop a sore throat or fever you should contact your doctor
immediately. It could indicate a more serious illness.
If
you develop a persistent, dry cough, tell your doctor. It may
be due to the medication and, if so, will disappear if you stop
taking Capoten.
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Possible
food and drug interactions
If Capoten is taken with certain other drugs, the effects of either
could be increased, decreased, or altered. It is especially important
to check with your doctor before combining Capoten with the following:
Allopurinol
(Zyloprim)
Aspirin
Blood pressure drugs known as beta blockers, such as Inderal and
Tenormin
Cyclosporine (Sandimmune)
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
Diuretics such as HydroDIURIL
Lithium (Lithonate)
Nitroglycerin and similar heart medicines (Nitro-Dur, Transderm-Nitro,
others)
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as Indocin and Feldene
Potassium preparations such as Micro-K and Slow-K
Potassium-sparing diuretics such as Aldactone and Midamor
Do not use potassium-containing salt substitutes while taking
Capoten.
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Special
information
ACE inhibitors such as Capoten have been shown to cause injury
and even death to the developing baby when used in pregnancy during
the second and third trimesters. If you are pregnant or plan to
become pregnant, contact your doctor immediately. Capoten appears
in breast milk and could affect a nursing infant. If this medication
is essential to your health, your doctor may advise you to discontinue
breastfeeding until your treatment is finished.
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Recommended
dosage
ADULTS
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High
Blood Pressure
The
usual starting dose is 25 milligrams taken 2 or 3 times a day.
If you have any problems with your kidneys or suffer from other
major health problems, your starting dose may be lower. Depending
on how your blood pressure responds, your doctor may increase
your dose later, up to a total of 150 milligrams 2 or 3 times
a day. The maximum recommended daily dose is 450 milligrams.
Heart
Failure
For
most people, the usual dose is 25 milligrams taken 3 times a day.
A daily dosage of 450 milligrams should not be exceeded.
After
a Heart Attack
The
usual starting dose is 6.25 milligrams, taken once, followed by
12.5 milligrams 3 times a day. Your doctor will increase the dose
over the next several days to 25 milligrams taken 3 times a day
and then, over the next several weeks, to 50 milligrams 3 times
a day.
Kidney
Disease in Diabetes
The
usual dose is 25 milligrams taken 3 times a day.
CHILDREN
----------------------------------------------------------
The safety and effectiveness of Capoten in children have not been
established.
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Overdosage
Any
medication taken in excess can cause symptoms of overdose. If
you suspect an overdose of Capoten, seek medical attention immediately.
Light-headedness
or dizziness due to a sudden drop in blood pressure is the primary
effect of a Capoten overdose.
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